Thursday, October 31, 2013

Microbleeds important to consider in brain-related treatments, UCI neurologist says

Microbleeds important to consider in brain-related treatments, UCI neurologist says


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31-Oct-2013



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Contact: Tom Vasich
tmvasich@uci.edu
949-824-6455
University of California - Irvine



Stroke prevention strategies should address both blood clotting, protection of vessels




Irvine, Calif., Oct. 31, 2013 As growing numbers of America's baby boomers reach retirement, neuroscientists are expanding their efforts to understand and treat one of the leading health issues affecting this population: age-related neurological deterioration, including stroke and dementia.


One factor coming under increased study is cerebral microbleeds, experienced by nearly 20 percent of people by age 60 and nearly 40 percent by age 80. Research into these small areas of brain bleeding, caused by a breakdown of miniscule blood vessels, is shedding light on how the condition may contribute to these neurological changes.


With microbleeds common in older individuals, physicians need to take it into consideration when treating other brain-related issues, said Dr. Mark Fisher, professor of neurology, anatomy & neurobiology, and pathology & laboratory medicine at UC Irvine. This is especially important with stroke prevention measures, which often involve medications that interfere with blood clotting and could exacerbate microbleeds. Stroke risk escalates with age, especially after 55, making stroke one of the leading causes of disability and death in the elderly.


In two current papers published online in Frontiers in Neurology and Stroke, Fisher writes about the brain's intricate system to protect itself against hemorrhaging. This system seems to break down as we get older, resulting in microbleeds that develop spontaneously and become increasingly common with aging.


"The next step in stroke prevention will require that we address both blood clotting and protection of the blood vessels," he said. "This seems to be the best way to reduce the risk of microbleeds when it's necessary to limit blood clotting for stroke prevention."


In his Stroke article, Fisher describes how newer medications interfere with blood clotting (to protect against stroke) while at the same time protecting the blood vessel wall (to help prevent bleeding). And in Frontiers in Neurology, he suggests that MRI screening be used more strategically to identify patients with microbleeds, allowing their physicians to adjust treatments accordingly.


"With the prevalence of microbleeds, it's important that we better understand this neurological factor as we develop and proceed with brain-related treatments for the elderly," Fisher said. "Identifying and controlling microbleeds may be an important step in a therapeutic approach to maximize brain health during the process of aging. This is a critical issue requiring further study."

###


His work is supported by the National Institutes of Health (grant NS 20989).


About the University of California, Irvine: Located in coastal Orange County, near a thriving employment hub in one of the nation's safest cities, UC Irvine was founded in 1965. One of only 62 members of the Association of American Universities, it's ranked first among U.S. universities under 50 years old by the London-based Times Higher Education. The campus has produced three Nobel laureates and is known for its academic achievement, premier research, innovation and anteater mascot. Led by Chancellor Michael Drake since 2005, UC Irvine has more than 28,000 students and offers 192 degree programs. It's Orange County's second-largest employer, contributing $4.3 billion annually to the local economy.


Media access: UC Irvine maintains an online directory of faculty available as experts to the media at today.uci.edu/resources/experts.php. Radio programs/stations may, for a fee, use an on-campus ISDN line to interview UC Irvine faculty and experts, subject to availability and university approval. For more UC Irvine news, visit news.uci.edu. Additional resources for journalists may be found at communications.uci.edu/for-journalists.



NOTE TO EDITORS: Photo available at
http://news.uci.edu/press-releases/microbleeds-important-to-consider-in-brain-related-treatments-uci-neurologist-says/


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Microbleeds important to consider in brain-related treatments, UCI neurologist says


[ Back to EurekAlert! ]

PUBLIC RELEASE DATE:

31-Oct-2013



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]


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Contact: Tom Vasich
tmvasich@uci.edu
949-824-6455
University of California - Irvine



Stroke prevention strategies should address both blood clotting, protection of vessels




Irvine, Calif., Oct. 31, 2013 As growing numbers of America's baby boomers reach retirement, neuroscientists are expanding their efforts to understand and treat one of the leading health issues affecting this population: age-related neurological deterioration, including stroke and dementia.


One factor coming under increased study is cerebral microbleeds, experienced by nearly 20 percent of people by age 60 and nearly 40 percent by age 80. Research into these small areas of brain bleeding, caused by a breakdown of miniscule blood vessels, is shedding light on how the condition may contribute to these neurological changes.


With microbleeds common in older individuals, physicians need to take it into consideration when treating other brain-related issues, said Dr. Mark Fisher, professor of neurology, anatomy & neurobiology, and pathology & laboratory medicine at UC Irvine. This is especially important with stroke prevention measures, which often involve medications that interfere with blood clotting and could exacerbate microbleeds. Stroke risk escalates with age, especially after 55, making stroke one of the leading causes of disability and death in the elderly.


In two current papers published online in Frontiers in Neurology and Stroke, Fisher writes about the brain's intricate system to protect itself against hemorrhaging. This system seems to break down as we get older, resulting in microbleeds that develop spontaneously and become increasingly common with aging.


"The next step in stroke prevention will require that we address both blood clotting and protection of the blood vessels," he said. "This seems to be the best way to reduce the risk of microbleeds when it's necessary to limit blood clotting for stroke prevention."


In his Stroke article, Fisher describes how newer medications interfere with blood clotting (to protect against stroke) while at the same time protecting the blood vessel wall (to help prevent bleeding). And in Frontiers in Neurology, he suggests that MRI screening be used more strategically to identify patients with microbleeds, allowing their physicians to adjust treatments accordingly.


"With the prevalence of microbleeds, it's important that we better understand this neurological factor as we develop and proceed with brain-related treatments for the elderly," Fisher said. "Identifying and controlling microbleeds may be an important step in a therapeutic approach to maximize brain health during the process of aging. This is a critical issue requiring further study."

###


His work is supported by the National Institutes of Health (grant NS 20989).


About the University of California, Irvine: Located in coastal Orange County, near a thriving employment hub in one of the nation's safest cities, UC Irvine was founded in 1965. One of only 62 members of the Association of American Universities, it's ranked first among U.S. universities under 50 years old by the London-based Times Higher Education. The campus has produced three Nobel laureates and is known for its academic achievement, premier research, innovation and anteater mascot. Led by Chancellor Michael Drake since 2005, UC Irvine has more than 28,000 students and offers 192 degree programs. It's Orange County's second-largest employer, contributing $4.3 billion annually to the local economy.


Media access: UC Irvine maintains an online directory of faculty available as experts to the media at today.uci.edu/resources/experts.php. Radio programs/stations may, for a fee, use an on-campus ISDN line to interview UC Irvine faculty and experts, subject to availability and university approval. For more UC Irvine news, visit news.uci.edu. Additional resources for journalists may be found at communications.uci.edu/for-journalists.



NOTE TO EDITORS: Photo available at
http://news.uci.edu/press-releases/microbleeds-important-to-consider-in-brain-related-treatments-uci-neurologist-says/


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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.




Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-10/uoc--mit103113.php
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Coursera teams up with State Department on series of MOOC-based 'learning hubs' around the world

Coursera is already one of the leading providers of MOOCs (or massive open online courses) in the US, and its now getting a helping hand from none other than the US government in broadening its worldwide ambitions. The company announced a new initiative today that will see it partner with the State ...


Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/b4XcatZ4SPo/
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Android KitKat 4.4: An Upgrade For Everyone (Eventually)

Android KitKat 4.4: An Upgrade For Everyone (Eventually) The new version of Android is finally here, and its biggest feature is a new stage for an old favorite. Google Now is getting more limelight than ever, and that's fantastic. But even better, even folks with older handsets will (theoretically) be able to get in on the fun.

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Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/IYmFE46Qcr8/android-kit-kat-4-4-google-now-finally-takes-center-st-1456246638
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Coursera teams up with State Department on series of MOOC-based 'learning hubs' around the world


Coursera teams up US State Department on series of MOOCbased 'learning hubs' around the world


Coursera is already one of the leading providers of MOOCs (or massive open online courses) in the US, and its now getting a helping hand from none other than the US government in broadening its worldwide ambitions. The company announced a new initiative today that will see it partner with the State Department and a number of other organizations on a series of "learning hubs" around the world, where students will be able to go and access the internet and participate in MOOCs as a group.


Those classes won't be quite as "massive" as your usual MOOC, however. According the The New York Times, the classes will all be small ones -- some with as few as 15 students -- and they'll be supplemented by weekly in-person sessions with a local instructor for what Coursera's Lila Ibrahim describes as a "blended learning experience." For its part, the State Department says that it hopes the courses will not only help students where they are, but "help connect them to U.S. higher education institutions" as well.


Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/10/31/coursera-state-department-mooc-learning-hubs/?ncid=rss_truncated
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Candy Sales Are Flat; The Industry Blames The Weather





Halloween candy is offered for sale at a Walgreens store on September 19, 2013 in Wheeling, Illinois.



Scott Olson/Getty Images


Halloween candy is offered for sale at a Walgreens store on September 19, 2013 in Wheeling, Illinois.


Scott Olson/Getty Images


Halloween candy sales have been flat over the last few years. And candy makers point to several reasons, including one I hadn't thought of: bad weather.


"The past two years have been plagued with major weather disruptions in key celebration regions," Jenn Ellek of the National Confectioners Association tells us in an email.


In 2011, there was unexpected snowfall in the Northwest, which kept candy sales at $2.36 billion for the Halloween season. Sales remained basically flat in 2012, when Hurricane Sandy coincided with the holiday, she says.


So, why is the trade industry forecasting a very conservative growth of 1 percent in candy sales this year? This time, they say it's the day of the week.


According to the NCA, fewer people throw parties and there's less time for holiday preparations when Halloween falls on a weekday compared to when it falls during the weekend.


If this reasoning holds up, the industry could be looking at two good years in the near future, with Halloween falling on a Friday in 2014 and a Saturday in 2015.


But how about all those messages we hear to cut back on sugar and empty calories? Will this end up eating away at confectioners' future growth?


It's not clear, but with all the chatter about tackling obesity, the candy industry has joined the message of moderation.


In fact, the NCA, as part of its Treat Right messaging, has published a Guide to Moderate Candy Consumption.


The portion sizes they recommend are a lot smaller than you might think. If you limit calories from candy to 50 to 100 calories per day, that equates just 15 to 25 small jelly beans.


Or, if you're craving chocolate, make it one fun-sized candy bar (that's the small one).


Perhaps to keep sales up, candy-makers will have to sell more packages — with less in them. As we've reported, the move to downsize candy bars is well underway.


Source: http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/10/31/242115164/candy-sales-are-flat-the-industry-blames-the-weather?ft=1&f=1001
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Oracle shareholders vote against Ellison's compensation package


A majority of Oracle shareholders have once again voted against the company's executive pay practices, including for CEO Larry Ellison.


Thursday's vote at Oracle's annual shareholder meeting is nonbinding, and follows complaints from some large shareholders and their representatives who say Ellison is overpaid compared to his peers.


[ InfoWorld presents the Bossies 2013, the best open source software for data centers, clouds, mobile, and more. | Get the latest insight on the tech news that matters from InfoWorld's Tech Watch blog. ]


Ellison is paid $1 in salary, receiving the rest of his pay in stock options. In Oracle's past fiscal year, that totaled $76.9 million. Ellison declined to receive a bonus. Other top Oracle executives such as co-President Mark Hurd also receive a lot of stock options.


Ellison, who is one of the world's richest people, controls about one-fourth of Oracle's shares.


Shareholders voted against Oracle's executive pay practices at last year's meeting as well.


Oracle has defended its policy on the grounds that the stock options aren't worth anything unless Oracle's share price rises, which is good for both executives such as Ellison and every other Oracle shareholder.


Earlier this month, Oracle secretary and general counsel Dorian Daley described Ellison as the company's "most critical strategic visionary" and characterized his pay as a bargain compared to the benefits Oracle receives.


Ellison took questions from shareholders in attendance after the meeting's formal agenda concluded and the topics didn't always center on enterprise technology.


One referred to a near "disaster" the city of New York would have experienced had Eliot Spitzer been elected comptroller, and asked Ellison whether Oracle could "intervene financially" in New York elections.


"We live in a democracy, and the people pick their leaders, and we do that all the time," Ellison said. "If we're not happy with that we can pick someone else. I don't think Oracle should engage in political activity specifically trying to influence the New York City and New York state elections. We should focus on things like building fast computers and better software."


Another shareholder questioned why Oracle has two presidents in Hurd and Safra Catz.


"I just figured two's better than one," Ellison said to laughter. "Seriously, it's a large company. We have a separation of responsibilities." Hurd focuses on sales and support while Catz handles operational matters, he said. "I think they've both done outstanding jobs in their respective areas of expertise," Ellison added. "Either one of them could go out and get a CEO's job tomorrow."


A third questioner complained that she had to call Oracle's investor relations office three times to find out when the shareholder meeting was supposed to occur.


"We love people to come to our annual meeting," Ellison said by way of apology. "We even have cookies." Oracle will make sure information about the meeting is posted to its website, he added.


Ellison steered clear of saying anything controversial when asked about Oracle's involvement with the troubled Healthcare.gov website.


"As an information technology company we are doing everything we can to make it a highly performant, highly reliable [system]," he said. "I will refrain from editorial comments about what has happened there. I think most of us want our government to operate efficiently."


But Ellison revealed which rivals Oracle watches most closely. IBM, EMC, SAP, and Salesforce.com "are four competitors we spend a lot of time thinking about," he said.


Chris Kanaracus covers enterprise software and general technology breaking news for The IDG News Service. Chris' email address is Chris_Kanaracus@idg.com


Source: http://www.infoworld.com/d/the-industry-standard/oracle-shareholders-vote-against-ellisons-compensation-package-229980
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Obamacare Hearings a Grudge Spectacle

Sorry, Readability was unable to parse this page for content.

Source: http://www.realclearpolitics.com/2013/10/31/obamacare_hearings_a_grudge_spectacle_318938.html
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Panasonic confirms it's killing off its line of plasma TVs.

Panasonic confirms it's killing off its line of plasma TVs. The company said today that production will stop in December, with sales ending in March 2014. [Panasonic via Cnet]

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Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/qR9itQfkeQI/panasonic-is-abandoning-plasma-tvs-a-little-sooner-than-1455916321
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Google Fonts now lets you experiment with typefaces in a free app

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Kendra Wilkinson Pregnant with Second Child

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'Zombies' swarm Tokyo Tower in Halloween stunt


TOKYO (AP) — A zombie swarm in Tokyo? Why not, it's Halloween.

Led by a former sumo grand champion, about 1,000 beauty schools students and Halloween fun-seekers descended on Tokyo Tower — the Japanese capital's most iconic landmark — on Thursday in a "zombie attack" organized by Fox International Channels, Japan, to mark the beginning in the country of Season 4 of the popular TV show "The Walking Dead."

Replete with black eyes, blood-soaked clothes and enough open wounds to fill several emergency rooms, the "zombies" covered the grounds of the tower in central Tokyo after making their way across town on buses and trains — much to the surprise of unsuspecting onlookers.

Halloween is popular in Japan, and Tokyo's subways are often crowded with partygoers in full costume on Halloween night.

"Our only concern is that somebody might see all these zombies and have a heart attack," said Dan Smith, a Fox producer who thought up the stunt.

Leading the zombie charge was Chad Rowan, who is famous in Japan under his sumo name, Akebono. Rowan, who is now a pro wrestler, is the first foreigner to reach sumo's highest rank and stands 203 centimeters tall (6-foot-8).

"It's great to be doing this in Tokyo," said Rowan, who was dressed in black and had his face made up to look like he had two large gashes on his forehead. "It's so unusual to be able to do something like this here."

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/zombies-swarm-tokyo-tower-halloween-stunt-085925265.html
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Sex determiner gene of honey bee more complicated that previously assumed

Sex determiner gene of honey bee more complicated that previously assumed


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Contact: Dr. Martin Hasselmann
martin.hasselmann@uni-koeln.de
49-022-147-01586
University of Cologne



Cologne biologist recognizes huge significance of finding for bee keeping



Bee colonies consist of a queen bee, lots of female worker bees and some male drones. The gene that determines the sex of the bees is much more complex than has been assumed up until now and has developed over the course of evolution at a very high rate. This is the finding of an international team of scientists under the direction of Dr. Martin Hasselmann of the Institute for Genetics of the University of Cologne. The study has been published in the renowned Oxford journal Molecular Biology and Evolution.


Male honey bees (Apis mellifera) hatch from fertilized eggs and females from fertilized ones. In these fertilized eggs, the condition of the complementary sex determiner (csd) gene is of crucial significance for the creation of female workers. The queen bee, who, in the course of their mating flight, mate with different drones multiple times, passes on to fertilized eggs a random combinations of two csd copies, so-called alleles. If these alleles are different enough, they develop into a female. If the csd gene, in contrast, is present in the fertilized eggs in two identical versions, diploid drones develop. These are, however, eaten by worker bees after they hatch.


Up until now, it was assumed that there were up to 20 csd alleles. In the dataset, which the research team under the direction of Hasselmann collected from all over the world and examined, there were, however, 53 csd alleles found in localities (in Kenya), and worldwide at least csd 87 alleles. Using an evolutionary model, the scientists extrapolated 116 145 csd alleles. New csd alleles were created in a relatively quick period for evolution: ca. every 400,000 years. A region inside the csd gene in particular represents a hot-spot with a high evolutionary rate that, together with certain amino acid mutations, decisively contributes to the formation of new csd alleles in the flanking regions.


The vitality of a bee population depends on, amongst other things, the genetic diversity of sex determining alleles. These new findings are therefore very important for apiculture for minimizing the danger of inbreeding and thereby the production of diploid drones.


###

PD Dr. Martin Hasselmann has been the director of the research group "Population Genetics of Social Insects" at the University of Cologne as a DFG Heisenberg stipendiary since May 2012. His research foci include the social insects honey bees, bumble bees and stingless bees, the unique biology of which can be used as models to decipher the genetic fundaments of environmental interaction and evolutionary innovation.




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Sex determiner gene of honey bee more complicated that previously assumed


[ Back to EurekAlert! ]

PUBLIC RELEASE DATE:

31-Oct-2013



[


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]


Share Share

Contact: Dr. Martin Hasselmann
martin.hasselmann@uni-koeln.de
49-022-147-01586
University of Cologne



Cologne biologist recognizes huge significance of finding for bee keeping



Bee colonies consist of a queen bee, lots of female worker bees and some male drones. The gene that determines the sex of the bees is much more complex than has been assumed up until now and has developed over the course of evolution at a very high rate. This is the finding of an international team of scientists under the direction of Dr. Martin Hasselmann of the Institute for Genetics of the University of Cologne. The study has been published in the renowned Oxford journal Molecular Biology and Evolution.


Male honey bees (Apis mellifera) hatch from fertilized eggs and females from fertilized ones. In these fertilized eggs, the condition of the complementary sex determiner (csd) gene is of crucial significance for the creation of female workers. The queen bee, who, in the course of their mating flight, mate with different drones multiple times, passes on to fertilized eggs a random combinations of two csd copies, so-called alleles. If these alleles are different enough, they develop into a female. If the csd gene, in contrast, is present in the fertilized eggs in two identical versions, diploid drones develop. These are, however, eaten by worker bees after they hatch.


Up until now, it was assumed that there were up to 20 csd alleles. In the dataset, which the research team under the direction of Hasselmann collected from all over the world and examined, there were, however, 53 csd alleles found in localities (in Kenya), and worldwide at least csd 87 alleles. Using an evolutionary model, the scientists extrapolated 116 145 csd alleles. New csd alleles were created in a relatively quick period for evolution: ca. every 400,000 years. A region inside the csd gene in particular represents a hot-spot with a high evolutionary rate that, together with certain amino acid mutations, decisively contributes to the formation of new csd alleles in the flanking regions.


The vitality of a bee population depends on, amongst other things, the genetic diversity of sex determining alleles. These new findings are therefore very important for apiculture for minimizing the danger of inbreeding and thereby the production of diploid drones.


###

PD Dr. Martin Hasselmann has been the director of the research group "Population Genetics of Social Insects" at the University of Cologne as a DFG Heisenberg stipendiary since May 2012. His research foci include the social insects honey bees, bumble bees and stingless bees, the unique biology of which can be used as models to decipher the genetic fundaments of environmental interaction and evolutionary innovation.




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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.




Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-10/uoc-sdg103113.php
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